A prerequisite for optimization is a sufficiently accurate model. To identify new energy system designs and operational strategies, mathematical optimization provides the most comprehensive approach ( Andiappan et al., 2017). The open provision of energy models can support the exchange of knowledge and methods to address mutual challenges. Environmental impacts should thus be carefully monitored and fully considered in the synthesis ( McDowall et al., 2018).Ĥ) Increased need for transparent models: The transition to low-carbon energy systems can be planned and supported by energy models. The resulting increasing dependence on temporal and spatial conditions must be taken into account in the synthesis of future systems.ģ) Environmental considerations: Energy and process systems must comply with increasing environmental ambitions and regulations. Sector coupling, however, leads to dependencies between various products in a system, rendering synthesis more complex.Ģ) Temporal and spatial limitations: The availability of low-carbon electricity, such as wind or photovoltaics, is subject to high spatial and temporal variability ( Ela et al., 2011). Hence, designing optimal multi-sector systems leads to the following challenges:ġ) Interconnected sectors: Decarbonization of heating and industrial processes is often realized by sector coupling, e.g., by direct or indirect electrification ( Ruhnau et al., 2019). Low-carbon electricity supply from wind and solar sources is highly weather-dependent. For this purpose, energy systems must integrate low-carbon electricity supply. It is now well recognized that energy systems need to reduce their environmental impacts. Our modular open-source framework SecMOD aims to accelerate research for sustainable energy systems by combining multi-sector energy system optimization and life-cycle assessment.Įnergy systems are the backbone of our societies, providing a wide variety of energy services. Starting with few base technologies, we demonstrate the modular capabilities of SecMOD by the stepwise addition of technologies, sectors and existing infrastructure. We apply the framework to a case-study of the German sector-coupled energy system. We hence provide the first open-source framework to consistently include a holistic life-cycle perspective in multi-sector optimization by a full integration of LCA. The framework incorporates LCA to account for environmental impacts. The framework allows optimizing multiple sectors jointly, ranging from industrial production and their linked energy supply systems to sector-coupled national energy systems. In this work, we present the SecMOD framework for multi-sector energy system optimization incorporating life-cycle assessment (LCA). To avoid redundant research efforts and enhance transparency, the developed models and used data sets should be shared openly. Incorporating such aspects in optimization models is demanding. To identify the optimal design and operation of a low-carbon system, we need to consider high temporal and spatial variability in the electricity supply, sector coupling, and environmental impacts over the whole life cycle. Optimization models can support decision-makers in the synthesis and operation of multi-sector energy systems. 3Institute of Energy and Climate Research - Energy Systems Engineering (IEK-10), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany.2Energy & Process Systems Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.1Institute of Technical Thermodynamics, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.Christiane Reinert 1 Lars Schellhas 1 Jacob Mannhardt 1 David Yang Shu 2 Andreas Kämper 1,2 Nils Baumgärtner 1 Sarah Deutz 1 André Bardow 2,3*
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They were wildly popular and, to this day, are a regional staple of New England cuisine. He made his first batch of fried clams for the 4th of July holiday on July 3, 1916. Today celebrates fried clams! Though mentioned in late 19th century cookbooks, fried clams are widely attributed to Lawrence “Chubby” Woodman of Essex, Massachusetts. National Deep Fried Clams Day – Clams are bivalve mollusks which can be cooked in a variety of ways they can be eaten raw, sautéed into seafood pastas, steamed, incorporated into chowders and fried. Celebrate this pizza themed national day by ordering a calzone and eating it while you walk through the city, as they did in Naples! The sauce is served on the side, to aid in the calzone’s mobility by preventing it from getting soggy. A calzone (unlike its rectangular shaped Italian-American cousin, the stromboli) does not have tomato sauce inside. The word calzoni translates to trousers, hinting at the mobility of this food. They originated in Naples, Italy, in the 18th century and were intended to be eaten on the go. National Calzone Day – Calzones are baked pizza dough (often with toppings) folded in half, and sealed into a crescent moon shape. If you do decide to cook for your pet today, make sure to review these pet food safety guidelines from the CDC.Īfter all, the whole point of cooking for them is to make sure they’re having a healthy diet, and these tips will help you ensure their safety. There is debate as to whether a diet of dry kibble has enough nutritional value for your pet, so many people are opting to cook for their furry friends. This is a day dedicated to cooking for your pet! National Cook for your Pets Day – The food holidays in November aren’t limited to humans. (I earn a small commission if you purchase through those links but there is no extra cost to you.) On some of the days, there are recipes to help you celebrate, and on other days, there are links to products on Amazon that will help you get the most out of the national day. Want to share this list of national food days in November with your friends? Here’s a tweet to get you started:Ĭelebrate the November food holidays this month with recipes, information about these national food days in November, and more! □□ #NationalFoodDays #FoodHolidays Click To Tweet List of national food days in Novemberīelow is a list of the national food days in November. Have fun! Share these November food holidays on Twitter In addition to information about these national food holidays, you will also find ideas for recipes and other ways to celebrate these November food days. Most are labeled national days (or international days) and others are just labeled by the food itself. This month we observe the November food holidays below, all month long:Įven though turkey is on our mind this month, there are many decadent foods on the November food calendar as well.īelow is a list of all the food holidays in November to look forward to. Sometimes the whole month is known for a certain type of food. It is not just days of the month that are associated with food. November is right in the middle of fall for many of us, so it makes sense that the observances this month are geared towards fall foods. With this list of November food holidays you can’t go wrong with your party planning. See how many of them are devoted to November food holidays?Įvery day is associated with food or drink in some way. Thanksgiving isn’t the only holiday celebrating food this month! What are national food days?ĭo you like those meal planning cookbooks where there isn’t anything to decide, but the author tells you what to eat on each day of the month? The November food holidays are a bit like this.įood days are the internet’s way of telling you what you could cook that day based on what the national day of the month it is.Ĭheck out the national day list for November and look through the list. National days are a great way to tie food and celebrations together. You might even find yourself scouring the internet to find out what food today will celebrate. If you are interested in food, you are probably aware just how many days of the year are devoted to celebrating a favorite food. Keep reading to find out more about the national food days in November and get recipes to celebrate them. The guide gives information about the history of national days, why we celebrate them and includes some fun facts about these special days. Unsure about what national days are? Check out this national days guide for more information. But add in some mention of foods and everyone gets excited. National days are fun to celebrate, no matter the reason. From National Candy Day to National Espresso Day, every day in November has at least one food or drink associated with it. This list of November food holidays gives us so many recipes to share. It starred Fred Gwynne as the Frankenstein-like Herman Munster, Yvonne De Carlo as his vampire wife, Lily, Al Lewis as Lily's father, a vampire grandpa, Beverly Owen as Marilyn, Herman and Lily's beautiful teenage niece (later replaced by Pat Priest), and Butch Patrick as their werewolf son, Edward "Eddie" Wolfgang Munster. The series was produced by Bob Mosher and Joe Connelly, the creators of Leave it to Beaver. The Munsters aired on CBS from 1964 until 1966 and featured a family of benign monsters. Ken decided not to play baseball in 1965 and returned to Los Angeles.Īlthough, Butch was a successful child actor, it was his role in The Munsters that really brought him fame. However, when Butch won a major role on The Munsters, they had to fly the 11-year-old to Los Angeles every week. He and Patty and Butch relocated to Washington, D.C. Ken Hunt had shoulder problems throughout the 1963 major league baseball season and the Los Angles Angeles sold his rights to the Washington Senators. (He portrayed a character named Elmore Crocker in his final appearance on My Three Sons in a 1971 episode entitled "Ernie Drives" (Season 11. In 19, Butch had a recurring role as Gordon Dearing on My Three Sons. In 1963, he had a recurring role as Greg Howard in seven episodes of The Real McCoys. In 1962, when Butch was eight, Patty married major league baseball player Ken Hunt of the Los Angles Angels, Ken adopted the child actor, who had already established himself as a child actor in movies and on television.ĭuring the 1960s, Butch Patrick appeared on some of the most popular television series at the time. According to IMDb, Patty and Butch's agent, Mary Grady, created Butch's stage name by combining his nickname, "Butch", with his real first name. His third interview was for a Kellogg's Cornflakes commercial in which he played a little child who couldn't quite read the back of the cereal box. She submitted Butch's name for interviews for movie parts, guest spots on television and roles in TV commercials. The photos of Butch were noticed by someone (most likely a producer), who contacted Grady. They were introduced to talent agent Mary Grady (mother of Don Grady of My Three Sons and Lani O'Grady of Eight is Enough), who was planning to open a child agency Photos were taken of both children and placed in Carr's Hollywood Blvd. When Butch was about 7 years old, he accompanied his little sister to a photo shoot with Hollywood photographerĪmos Carr. Butch's parents divorced soon after his birth and his mother, Patty, raised him as a single mother. Butch Patrick was born Patrick Alan Lilley in Inglewood, California on August 2, 1953. So, if you believe it, it can be a little creepy. Funny possibilities are limitless, and I’ll leave that to you. This weird and wonderful cliff could be a time portal or a black hole. Just think about it for a second, with your imagination as it could be the lips of the earth like Ego, the living planet from Guardians of the Galaxy, or an enormous-sized monster buried. But in reality, it is just a cliff structure discovered in Gharb, Darfur, Sudan. You can see this funny place on google earth is a human’s luscious red lips. What are you thinking? If anybody can recognize the sort of aircraft seen in this picture, let us know in the comments. Could it be a cashed-up substance or a baron’s precious property? It isn’t a small plane as it looks like a passenger aircraft. Hidden in Plane SightĪn unidentified messageboard user MaxMaxSvx says to have discovered a plane on Google Earth in somebody’s backyard in Paraguay. Other fighter planes spotted on the site include F-15s, F-16s, C-130s, and KC-135s as well as refueling tankers, A-10s. The related recent internments are also available: including F-14 Tomcats, which were retired in 2006. Many are nuclear-capable, withdrawn throughout the years through arms reduction treaties.Įxamples include The B-52, B-1, and F-111, which were once nuclear weapon carriers. The base has an immense variety of retired planes chosen for its suitable climate that slows down plane degradation. The 309th Aerospace Maintenance and Regeneration Group outside Tucson, Arizona, USA is a place where nearly 5,000 aerospace vehicles “die,” that’s why it is also known as the “Boneyard.” Inspect the external eye and the external ear. 4.Īsk if they have trouble hearing or experience ringing in their ears. 3.Īsk if they have any difficulty seeing or blurred vision. 2.Īsk if they use glasses, hearing aids or dentures. 1.Īsk if they are having any problems with their teeth or gums, and if so, has this impacted their ability to eat. Be aware of previously diagnosed head, neck, eye, or ear conditions and associated medications and how these impact your assessment findings. Perform a basic head, neck, eye, and ear assessment: 1. Perform a focused assessment if neurological or musculoskeletal condition is present. 6.Īssess fall assessment risk per agency policy. Note unanticipated neurological findings in symmetrical facial expressions, extremity movement, and speech and obtain emergency assistance as needed. 2.Īssess level of consciousness and orientation to person, place, and time. Be aware of previously diagnosed neuromuscular conditions and currently prescribed medications and how these impact your assessment findings. Inquire if the patient has experienced loss of balance, decreased coordination, previous falls, or difficulty swallowing. Ask if headache, dizziness, weakness, numbness, tingling, or tremors are present. If pain or discomfort is present, perform comprehensive pain assessment using PQRSTU. (Initiate emergency assistance as needed.) 10.Įvaluate for the presence of pain or other type of discomfort. Ask, “Do you have any concerns or questions you’d like to talk about before we begin?” 9. 8.Įvaluate chief concern using PQRSTU (i.e., ask the patient their reason for seeking/receiving care). 7.Īddress patient needs before starting assessment (toileting, glasses, hearing aids, etc.). Include general appearance, behavior, mood, mobility (i.e., balance and coordination), communication, overall nutritional status, and overall fluid status. Perform a general survey while completing the head-to-toe assessment. Mental Status: Is the patient responsive and alert? 6. 1.Īirway: Is the airway open? Is suctioning needed? 2.īreathing: Is the patient breathing normally? 3.Ĭirculation: Are there any abnormal findings in the overall color and moisture of the patient’s skin (cyanosis, diaphoresis) 4. Perform a primary survey to ensure medical stability. Identify the patient with two appropriate identifiers. Use appropriate listening and questioning skills. 5.ĭuring the assessment, listen and attend to patient cues. 3.Įxplain the planned task and estimate the duration of time to complete it. Ask if the patient is comfortable if others are present in the room during the assessment. Ask the patient’s preferred way of being addressed. Greet the patient and others in the room. Greet the patient, introduce oneself, explain the task, and provide privacy. Check the room for transmission-based precautions. Perform hand hygiene before providing care and clean stethoscope. Gather supplies: stethoscope, penlight, watch with second hand, gloves, hand sanitizer, and wound measurement tool. Unanticipated findings should be reported per agency protocol with emergency assistance obtained as indicated. Focused assessments should be performed for abnormal findings and according to specialty unit guidelines. Assessment techniques should be modified according to life span considerations. Students should use a systematic approach and include these components in their assessment and documentation. This checklist is intended as a guide for a routine, general, daily assessment performed by an entry-level nurse during inpatient care. Please note: If you live in Kansas City you can find Jack Stack burnt ends at Costco.Ħ servings (275 calories each serving) according to my calculator on loseit. I reheated them at my sister-in-law's house and they were perfect! Note: I made these beans the day before and stuck the whole pot in my fridge after they cooled. Cook beans for 20 minutes or until thick, soupy consistency is reached. Over medium heat bring beans to a boil, then reduce to a simmer. BBQ sauce (I used Jack Stack original)Ĭombine all ingredients in a 4 quart saucepan. chopped burnt ends (bacon would be good here too)ġ c. I was impressed that they actually did taste like the beans at the restaurant! These would be perfect for your Memorial day picnic.ġ c. I found the recipe for their beans on the Food Network website and made them for a family gathering a couple of weeks ago. No one has beans to match Jack Stack, and if you like the cheesy bake corn, it can't be beat. The ribs and burnt ends are succulent, the sandwiches are meaty and the thing that separates Jack Stack from all the other outstanding barbeque restaurants in KC are the sides. Those lamb ribs, that cheesy corn, those scrumptious beans. Jack Stack is consistently fantastic at every location. They have some of the best bbq in these parts. Heck, if you DON'T live in Kansas City you might know about Jack Stack Barbecue. Join over 34,000 subscribers to LeasingKC Newsletters for more tidbits, city guides, and more.If you live in Kansas City you know about Jack Stack Barbecue. Whether you’re new in town or a native Kansas Citian, there’s something new to discover about KC every day. LeasingKC is a rental listing site run by local experts to help you find Kansas City apartments, rental homes, condos, and lofts. If you’re looking for the best housing near Kansas City, we’ve got you covered. There are a variety of neighborhoods and complexes that could fit anyone’s needs, and we have them all ready for you in one, easy-to-find place. With so many unique things to do for small groups around Kansas City, an apartment in the area is sure to keep you at the heart of the action. When you’re done with all of your adventurous fall activities, there’s nothing like settling down in a place all your own. Let us help you make Kansas City your home. We could continue going for ages and still not reach the end of the awesome BBQ places in Kansas City. There’s typically a line, but it moves fast – and trust us when we say it’s worth the wait! Slap’s BBQ is owned by award-winning pitmasters Mike and Joe Pearce, and serves a creative menu with locally sourced meat. This hidden gem is located just minutes from downtown in the quaint Strawberry Hill neighborhood. Featured on Food Network’s Diners, Drive Ins, and Dives and Anthony Bourdain’s No Reservations, this place has a menu that will knock your socks off! They also offer a large variety of Blues music weekly! Slap’s BBQ They have a lot of unique options that will inspire anyone to go outside of their comfort zone and try something new! Try their Mac N’ Cheese with burnt ends for a dish that will delight your senses!ī.B’s Lawnside BBQ is one of Kansas City’s best. Complete with a lawn for croquet, ping pong, and ample outdoor seating, this Westport hot spot is a fantastic atmosphere to indulge in delicious barbeque. This beautiful sandwich is filled with melt-in-your-mouth brisket, onion rings, and provolone cheese all on a kaiser roll!Ĭhar Bar has one of the best outdoor spaces in Kansas City. Definitely, try the legendary Z-Man Sandwich. Any way you go, you surely will not be disappointed!įormerly Oklahoma Joe’s, Joe’s Kansas City barbecue has been a staple in the Kansas City barbecue scene since 1996. Step back in time and go to Arthur Bryant’s in the 18th & Vine district! Make sure you’re hungry and grab one of their ginormous sandwiches or choose a combo to try some of their great sides. The dish to try? The “Best Wings on the Planet”! They come with a delicious Chipotle BBQ sauce that’s hard to beat! They are an all-around package when it comes to BBQ – a casual feel in the restaurant and some food that’s to die for. Q39 is the spot that everyone can’t seem to stop talking about. Don’t forget to stay for dessert, they make killer creme brulee! They have some of the best pit beans in the city as well as killer cheesy corn bake. While the meat is killer, their real superstar is their sides. Jack Stack has several locations throughout the metro area, each as good as the last. Here is our list of some top BBQ spots in KC! You will scarcely meet a Kansas Citian who doesn’t have an opinion on barbecue, whether it’s who has the best sides, the best-burnt ends (Kansas City specialty, ya know), or who is the best overall barbecue joint in the city. If Kansas City is known for anything above all else, it’s the barbecue. JTaylor 7 Best Barbecue Places in Kansas City 7 Best Barbecue Places in Kansas City (Updated for 2023!) The XJ Sprint uses the following technologies: Inside the boot, a light, thin layer of water-repellent insulation material offers additional thermal protection in the forefoot and toe area to keep the skiers warm as they glide through the snow. A full lace cover combined with Comfort Guard insulation keeps feet warm and dry, while a softer sole flex makes striding easier. Get kids on track to having fun with the comfort and support of the XJ Sprint boot. The wear-resisting 1K-Desmopan® material mix is long-lasting and acts as an insulation layer against the cold. The profile is non-slip and self-cleaning. Flex grooves and soft sole flex support the smooth kick. The flat construction enables a safe walk to the track and good balance on the skis. Whether it's shaped for the female foot with the comfort or race version, customized for the feet of young skiers, meeting the comfort requirements of all-rounders, or for direct power transfer in racing: the Boot Fit Concept with special lasts is the answer to all the different needs and morphologies of the various consumer groups. The addition of Fischer Fresh helps control odors.įischer Fresh puts an end to unpleasant odors, giving you lasting freshness inside the cross-country skiing boot with a pleasant smell and feeling inside. The proven, comfortable Fischer fit and a full lace cover to keep the snow out provide all-day comfort. The ideal boot for skiers who want to take their Nordic skiing further: XC Pro. Lace covers for additional protection against the snow and wet conditions and to give you a comfortable warm feeling. Whether it's shaped for the female foot with the comfort or race version, customised for the feet of young skiers, meeting the comfort requirements of all-rounders or for direct power transfer in racing: the Boot Fit Concept with special lasts is the answer to all the different needs and morphologies of the various consumer groups Very light and individually thermoformable. Practical entry loops and wide-opening designs guarantee that boots can be put on/taken off comfortably.įischer Fresh puts an end to unpleasant odours, giving you lasting freshness inside the cross country skiing boot with a pleasant smell and feeling inside. Very lightweight, water-repelling insulation material for additional thermal protection in the forefoot and toe area. The boot has extra insulation to keep kids comfortable as they learn. Construction and materials are an ideal balance of practicality, comfort, and basic performance. Interior fleece (caprovelure) insulation is a very warm, synthetic hydrophobic material that is resistant to getting wetĪ boot with all the advantages and benefits the youngest skiers need: XJ Sprint. Outside made of high quality synthetic frost-resistant material with a polyurethane coating. Open lacing covers the boot's tonged to help keep out snow Improved anatomical fit - comfortable, medium fullness. Two-piece insole, one of which is removable for faster drying between sessions. The inside of the sole is made of polyurethane foam - an elastic, foam material with porous structure that retains heat and blocks the cold from radiating up from the snowpack. Outsole is resistant to cracking in cold-weather and flexes gently perfect for easy skiing on skin skis and fishscale skis. Offers better tread when walking off-skis (ex. Made very carefully and with high quality, and the manufacturer managed to combine simplicity, high quality, elegant appearance and at the same time keep an affordable price.īuilt on a Spine proprietary Thermoplastic NNN outsole for NNN or 'Salomon Prolink' bindings. A great match for those using fishscale skis or skin skis. The SPINE Loss is entry-level classic ski boot for those who have never skied before and would like to try it out! An affordable boot for those that only ski a handful of times a year or enjoy a leisurely ski in the forest. Some people are perfectly fine with marks and stains as they show the true age and represent great memories (think a summer shower in Paris) but unless you are extremely nostalgic you probably want to take at least some measures to protect your new Louis Vuitton item from staining or developing an uneven patina. There are basically two schools of thought: do nothing to the bag at all and wear it as is or attempt to treat the Vachetta leather on your own with some type of leather sealant, conditioner or spray. I’ve purchased a brand new bag from Louis Vuitton. Once the bag has started to turn, it will develop a very slight gloss and become harder to stain and ruin. Below is a side by side comparison of the handles on a brand new Speedy 30 and a 9 month old Speedy 30 where the handles have started to patina and are turning a gorgeous honey hold color. This color change is intentional, and is a Louis Vuitton signature – it is one of the ways that a Louis Vuitton bag can be identified as authentic and a sign of high quality leather. There is nothing you can do to prevent the leather from becoming darker, so any bag more than a few months old will show signs of color change. A drop of rain or basically any type of liquid, cream or gel on a brand new Vachetta leather handle will leave a stain.Īs the Vachetta leather becomes exposed to sunlight and oxygen it will begin to age and turn a darker color. Since it is untreated, there is no coating to protect the natural cowhide from water, oil, grease, hand lotion or even a big sneeze. Vachetta leather can also very easily be stained. This type of leather is known for being very soft, durable and holding up for decades as opposed to other types of treated leathers! You can easily recognize Vachetta leather from its light, nude color when brand new and the deep tan/golden brown color on older bags. This is an untreated calf leather, which means that the leather has not been coated, painted or treated with a sealant. Vachetta leather is Louis Vuitton’s signature untreated leather that you will find on the handles and trim of most of their monogram or Damier azur canvas items. Whether you are looking to purchase a brand new piece, have a bag you purchased months ago or are the proud owner of a vintage piece that is many years old – read on for all of my tips and tricks to caring for and preserving your Vachetta leather! However, I have seen and heard many stories from women where new Vachetta leather straps and handles have been stained due to a lack of knowledge on how to properly care for this type of leather. I did a ton of research before taking home my first bag, and thankfully that paid off and my one year old bag has a gorgeous, golden patina. This is a blog post that I would have loved to have read before I purchase my first Louis Vuitton piece with Vachetta leather. Web applications use MySQL databases to generate dynamic content. Without it (or similar programs), many of today’s web applications wouldn’t be possible. Relational databases existed long before MySQL, but MySQL revolutionized them by offering the software for free as an open source application. It does this through the use of SQL commands. MySQL is an open source relational database system that powers many websites and web applications. In this case, both the clients and the server must use SSL. However, you can configure it to require encrypted SSL communication. MySQL does not use encryption over port 3306 in its default configuration. This is because TCP, unlike UDP, provides reliable transfers of commands, responses, and data. While you could use UDP transport protocol over port 3306, most likely, you would use TCP. Database administration tools, such as mysqldump, can also access MySQL databases over port 3306. MySQL applications can include traditional database applications such as enterprise resource planning (ERP) solutions, but typically, organizations use MySQL for web applications. Once the MySQL server authenticates the connection, the application can query the database using a language called SQL. When an application wants to access data stored in a MySQL database, it makes a connection to it over port 3306. Applications communicate over the port to read and write data to and from MySQL databases. View all common networking ports What is Port 3306?īy Colin Cohen | Published on NovemMySQL port 3306 is the default port used by the MySQL database management system to establish network connections. However, if you do round time, try to use an automated time tracking system that does it correctly so you don’t make mistakes. In order to avoid accidentally underpaying employees, it’s wise to track employee time correctly and use their true clock in and clock out times. Time rounding isn’t necessarily illegal, but it can make payroll messy. This is fine because it exceeds 8.02 hours and isn’t any less than the actual 8.02 hours they worked. and 5:00 p.m., the employee would have 8.05 hours on their timesheet. If you rounded that employee’s time to 7:55 a.m. Using the same example from above of the employee who clocked in at 7:56 a.m. This means that you can round an employee’s time if the time equals or exceeds the time they actually worked. You can round time if it’s in favor of the employee. Time Rounding in Favor of the Employee is Okay! Employees who aren’t compensated correctly may file a complaint with the Department of Labor’s Wage and Hour Division, which is never good news for an employer. Ultimately, an employee must earn pay for all hours worked. The employee ideally should have earned 0.02 hours of overtime, and if that isn’t reflected correctly on the timesheet, you’d underpay the employee. The employee would then have 8.0 hours for the day, rather than 8.02 hours for the day. If you rounded that employee’s timestamps, it would show that the employee clocked in at 8:00 a.m. You can use this easy-to-use free business calculator to see the decimal value of an employee’s time. This employee would have worked a total of 8.02 hours that day. If the time rounding practice avoids giving employees overtime pay that they should have earned, it becomes an issue.įor example, let’s say that an employee clocked in at 7:56 a.m. Remember, an employer must pay their workers for all hours that they work, including overtime. If an employer doesn’t round time in the employee’s favor, the employer may wind up underpaying the employee. However, underpaying your employees can get you into a lot of trouble. Overpaying employees isn’t a big legal issue because that really only hurts the employer. (Check out this article for current minimum wage requirements in each state.) When you round time for payroll, you may inadvertently underpay or overpay employees, and this is why half of the employers in the U.S. The FLSA requires all employers to pay non-exempt employees for all hours they work, and they must adhere to minimum wage requirements and overtime calculations. Why You Shouldn’t Round Time for PayrollĪlthough time rounding is beneficial, it doesn’t mean it’s necessarily a good idea to round employee time. It’s not too complicated however, time rounding can come with drawbacks, which is why many advise employers against it. An employee who clocks out at 4:57 pm can round their time up to 5:00 pm.If an employee clocks in at 8:05 am, the employer may round down that time to 8:00 am.Here’s are some examples of how to calculate the 7-minute rule: However, if the employee earns at least minimum wage and earns overtime properly, time rounding is acceptable. In other words, an employer cannot round an employee’s time in order to avoid paying a worker overtime pay. Employers may legally round employee time, as long as time is rounded correctly and adheres to FLSA regulations regarding overtime and minimum wage pay. Any time between 1-7 minutes may be rounded down, and any minutes between 8-14 may be rounded up. Under FLSA rules, employers can round employee time in 15-minute increments (or to the nearest quarter hour). The 7-minute rule, also known as the ⅞ rule, allows an employer to round employee time for payroll purposes. Let’s dive into how the 7-minute rule works: What is the 7-Minute Rule? Despite these benefits, there are also some drawbacks. It also prevents early clock-ins and simplifies their invoicing practices. People have reported that it makes their process a little easier because they can see an overview estimation of employee hours. According to recent studies, about 55% of employers round employee timesheets up and down for payroll purposes. Time-rounding is actually fairly popular. The 7-minute rule is a guideline created by the Fair Labor Standards Act for employers to round employee time correctly for payroll. |
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